Anti-Red Tape Authority(ARTA)

Greetings!

I would like to inquire about your legal opinion regarding the applicability of RA 11032, or the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018, in educational settings from public basic to higher educational institutions. Specifically, I would like to ask if:

1. Approvals/disapprovals for proposals of conduct of activities/projects/programs and other similar requests in the educational sector from students/student organizations/personnel to their higher authorities are covered under the definition "action" per Section 4a;
2. What other government services offered by educational institutions are considered covered by this act;
3. What is your guidance in educational institutions in classifying their government services under simple and complex transactions and "applications or requests involving activities which pose danger to public health, public safety, public morals, public policy, and highly technical application" per Section 9b;
4.  How will the public know if there is a designated alternate signatory when the originally authorized signatory is on official business or official leave? There are instances that there is no public announcement on the designation of the latter, and worse, even though there is a designee, he/she is said to be not authorized despite the stipulation under Section 9d where an alternate shall be designated as signatory in case the authorized signatory is on official business or official leave;
4a. How about if the designated signatory is not on official business or official leave like unofficial leaves and the like;
5. How can these government services continue if the office is possible without an alternate signatory, such as a designated coordinator?

I hope you can shed light on these matters accordingly. Thank you!

Endorsed to the appropriate office and / or division in ARTA